| ADEOS-II | Advanced Earth Observing Satellite II |
| AIRS | Atmospheric Infrared Sounder |
| AMSR-E | Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - EOS |
| DAAC | Distributed Active Archive Center |
| EDOS | EOS Data and Operations System |
| EASE | Equal-Area Scalable Earth |
| EOS | Earth Observing System |
| EOSDIS | Earth Observing System Data and Information System |
| GHRC | Global Hydrology and Climate Center |
| GSFC | Goddard Space Flight Center |
| HDF-EOS | Hierarchical Data Format for the Earth Observing System |
| ITSC | Information Technology and Systems Center |
| JAXA | Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency |
| LANCE | Land Atmosphere Near-real-time Capability for EOS |
| MLS | Microwave Limb Sounder |
| MODIS | Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer |
| NASDA | National Space Development Agency of Japan |
| NOAA | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
| NRT | Near Real Time |
| NSIDC | National Snow and Ice Data Center |
| NSSTC | National Space Science and Technology Center |
| OMI | Ozone Monitoring Instrument |
| QA | Quality Assurance |
| RSS | Remote Sensing Systems |
| SIPS | Science Investigator-led Processing System |
| TB | Brightness Temperature |
| UAHuntsville | The University of Alabama in Huntsville |